What is the distinction between primary and secondary deviance?

The correct answer illustrates the critical concepts in labeling theory, which distinguishes between the types of deviant behavior. Primary deviance refers to the initial acts of rule-breaking or deviance that a person engages in, which typically go unnoticed or do not result in a reaction from society. These acts may not lead to a change in the individual's self-identity or societal perception.

Once an individual is labeled as a deviant, often as a result of primary deviance, they may begin to engage in secondary deviance. This occurs when the person internalizes the label and allows it to influence their identity and behavior. The secondary deviance is therefore a continuation or escalation of deviant behavior that is fueled by societal reaction and labeling.

This distinction emphasizes the process by which social labels can affect individuals’ identities and their subsequent actions, thus leading to a deeper understanding of deviance within a social context.