What does Miller suggest about the lower class in relation to crime?

Miller suggests that the lower class has developed a subculture with unique norms that diverge from mainstream societal values. This idea stems from his analysis of how distinct social groups create their own set of values and behavior patterns based on their socioeconomic conditions and experiences. He identifies a "focal concern" within lower-class communities, which includes values such as toughness, street smarts, and a sense of fate, leading to behaviors that may be viewed as deviant or criminal by broader society.

This perspective highlights that the norms and values of the lower class are not simply a reflection of mainstream societal values, but rather a reaction to their own lived experiences and social context. Consequently, this subcultural approach explains how certain actions deemed criminal can be viewed as acceptable or normal within these communities, thereby providing a framework for understanding the relationship between class and crime.